Furnace wall construction



F. B. BIGELOW FURNACE WALL CONSTRUCTION Dec. 8, 1931.

Filed OGL.v 7, 1929 Patented l Dec. v8, 10931 l UNITED STATES PAT ENT OFFICE FRANK IB. :BIG-ELOW', OF DEPROITLMICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR- T0 BIGEILOW-LIPTAK COR- .PORATIOIL OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN FURNACE WALL CONSTRUCTION Application filed October 7, 1929. Serial No. 397,810.

Structural and functional betterments in the refractory walls of furnaces, and especially those of the water-cooled type, constitute the subject-matter of this invention.

( An object of the invention is to supply a structure of this character in which the refractory members most subject to heat damage or injury may be easily and comparatively economically replaced.

A further purpose of the invention is to provide a wall of the specified kind in which the refractory bricks or blocks are not subjected to the weight of like superposed meinbers in material or objectionable degree.

An added aim of the invention is to so build the wall that full advantage may be availed of with relation to the cooling, waterilled, protective pipes or tubes imbedded therrn.

The manner of attaining these and other desirable objects and goals will become apparent to those acquainted with this industry from a consideration of a present; preferred lembodiment of the invention illustrated in the accompanying drawin s, forming a part of this specification and described in detail below, like reference numerals, for simplicity, being employed to designate 'the same structural elements throughout.

In these drawings Figure 1 is a vertical section through the furnace wall on line 1--1 of Figure 2;

Figure 2 is a horizontal section on line 2-2 of Figure 1; and

Figure 3 is a horizontal section on line 3 3 of Figure 1.

Turning to the drawings, it will be noted that the metal framework on which the refractory wall is mounted' comprises a plurality of horizontal, vertically-separated bracket-bars 11, 11 mounted, as by riveting or boltshelf 16 projecting inwardly and, of course, parallel to the lower ledge specified.

Each such shelf supports a row .of separated or spaced refractory hanger-blocks 17 17 of the shape shown in Figure 1, each such block having a top portion 18 fitting beneath the ledge 14 of the bracket-bar next above and recessed at 19 to accommodate its hook or flange l5 to hold the block on the rather narrow shelf, the block being rounded at 21 to facilitate or permit its upward turning into position.

Inwardly of the furnace beyond the supporting bracket-bars, each block 17 has a projection or extension 22 with an outwardly, downwardly, sloping, top surface located' about midway to the height of the block.

The furnace wall under consideration is equipped with a plurality of upright, spaced, metal, cooling, protective water-pipes 23, 23, and each block 17 is of such width that it will pass between adjacent pipes (Figure 2), narrower blocks 24 like elements 17 but without projections 22 being mounted on the metal bars in like manner behind the pipes or tubes.

Such intermediate blocks are introduced into place on their ledges by application or introduction between the pipes and are then slid along on the bars into position outside of or back of the pipes.

The space between the lower ledge 14.- and upper shelf 16 of each bar 11 is occupied by a row of rectangular, refractory bricks or blocks 25 with the gaps or shallow spaces between their upper faces and the adjacent under surfaces of the members 17 and 24 lled with asbestos or other suitable, heatresisting packing 26.

Each block 17 by means of its extension 22 Y carries a refractory, lining-block 27 undercut so as to conform to, and bear directly on, the part 22, the bottom of the member 27 being above the under face of its sustaining brick 17, the two opposite ends of the block being rounded or recessed at 28, 28 to conform to and to contact immediately with the surfaces of the neighboring pipes, the parts 27 being of a length to extend from i 25, between the parts 29, 29 and 17 and 24, that Each row of refractories 27, 27 carries a row of Afiller-bricks 29, 29 with stepped or offset up-per faces to agree with the similarly arranged under faces of the elements 27 and 17, such members 29 being recessed at the middles of their outer faces at 31 as shown in Figure 3, to permit their mounting around' the pipes 23 and curved for direct contact with the inner halves of the cylindrical surfaces thereof, each such element 29 extending from about midway between one pair of pipes to approximately the middle of the space between one of such pair of pipes and the next pipe beyond.

The irregular or stepped joint between the blocks 29, 27 and 17 is packed or filled with any appropriate heat resisting material 32.

' From what precedes, it will be clear that the joints'between the blocks 17 and' 24 and those between the elements 27 are quite'out of register, that the cracks between the members 25, 25 are displaced with relation to those the crevices between the blocks 27, 27 and those between the parts 29, 29 are not in line, and that the packed space between the members 17, 27 and 29 is offset, so that the various members are adequately protected by one another.v

The blocks 27 and 29 are frequently relatively-expensive, comparatively highly-re- -fractory members of some heat conductivity,

such as silicon carbide, which adequately protect the wall as a whole, because of their unusual heat-resisting capacities, but it is desirable, to take advantage of their heat-conducting properties, to have them in direct heat-transmitting contact with the waterpipes, the contents of which economically absorb the heat and use it to advantage in the operation of the furnace.

On the other hand, the blocks 17, 24 and 25 may be made of much less costly refractory material and still give the wall as a whole the desired properties, these inferior blocks being in turn protected from the lining-bricks by the water-pipes and their contents, and, because of their lesser heat-conducting properties, protecting the metal framework from the injurious heat which would be transmitted to it were the silicon carbide members supported directly thereon.

It should be observed that although portions of the refractory wall are in contact with the cooling pipes or tubes, the latter carry no part of the weight of the bricks will be readily apparent and need not be further stated.

The wall set forth is only one embodiment of the invention defined by the appended claims and is presented by way of example only of a more or less generic invention.

Although the pipes have hereinabove been designated as water pipes, they may be supplied with other liquids or fluids and their heated contents may be employed in any manner desired, in fact, in some cases, it may be feasible to omit the pipes proper and use the passages provided for their accommodation as conduits for air, gases, or the like.

The contents of such pipes or flues of heating conductive nature may be connected with the boiler circulating or combustion system to economically employ the steam or heated water or heated air or the like, or the heated contents ofthe pipes or flues may be used for purposes more or less wholly unrelated to the operation of the furnace.

In this connection it should be borne in mind that the bricks of the outer section of the wall heat insulate the water pipes and their passages, thus saving or precluding loss of heat.

I claim:

1. In a furnace-wall, the combination of a metal-frame, hanger-bricks carried by said frame, fluid-filled pipes positioned inwardly of the furnace with relation to said frame, and lining-bricks demountably carried on said hanger-bricks and covering said pipes.

3. In a furnace-wall, the combination of ametal-frame, hanger-bricks carried by said frame, Huid-filled pipes positioned inwardly ofthe furnace with relation to said frame, and lining-bricks capable of withstanding greater heat than and of greater heat conducting capacity than, said hanger-bricks demountably carried on said hanger-bricks and covering and in-'direct contact with said pipes.

4. In a furnace-wall, the combination of suitably-supported, horizontal, verticallyseparated, metal bracket-bars, eac-h having an inwardly-extended, lower ledge with a depending flange forming a hook and a higher inwardly-projecting shelf, a plurality of spaced, upright, fluid-filled pipes inwardly of the furnace with respect to said bracketbars, a row of hanger-bricks held on each of \said shelves lin register with the spaces between said pipes by the hook-flange of the neXt bar above iitting in recesses thereof, each of said hanger-bricks having a projection between the corresponding pair of pipes, a row suitably-supported, horizontal,

of lining-bricks supported on each row of said hanger-brick projections, said liningbricks being lrecessed to receive the corresponding pipes, and -a row of filler-bricks resting on each row of lining-bricks and recessed to receive said pipes.,v

5. In a furnace-wall, the combination of suitably-supported, horizontal, verticallyseparated, metal bracket-bars, each having an inwardly-extended, lower ledge with a depending ange forming a hook and a higher inwardly-projecting shelf, a plurality of spaced, upright, fluid-filled pipes inwardly of the furnace with respect to said bracketbars, a row of hanger-bricks held on each of said shelves in register with the spaces between said pipes by the hookflange of the next bar above fitting in recesses thereof, each of said hanger-bricks having a projection between the corresponding pair of pipes, a row of lining-bricks supported on each row of said hanger-brick projections, said lining-bricks being recessed on their outer faces to receive lthe corresponding pipes and to be in direct Contact therewith, and a row of filler-bricks resting'on each row of liningbricks and recessed on their outer faces to lreceive and to be in direct Contact with said ipes. p 6. In a furnace-wall, the combination of suitably-supported, horizontal, verticallyseparated, metal bracket-bars, each having an inwardly-extended, lower ledge with a depending flange' forming a hook and a higher inwardly-projecting shelf, a plurality of spaced, upright fluid-'filled pipes inwardly of the furnace with respect to said bracketbars, a row of hanger-bricks held on each of said shelves in register with the spaces between said pipes by the hook-flange of the next bar'. above fitting in `recesses thereof, each of said hanger-bricks having an inwardly-extended projection, a row of lining-bricks .supported on said hanger-brick projections, said lining-bricks extending from a central,

vertical plane of one pipe to that of the next pipe, each of said lining-bricks being recessed at the ends of its outer face to receive one-half of the correspondin pipes and shaped to bein direct contact t erewith, the

under surfaces of said lining-bricks being vertically out of registerwith the under surfaces of the projections of said hanger-bricks,

, a row of ledge-bricks mounted on each of said bracket-bar ledges, and a row of filler-bricks resting on each row of lining-bricks and havin'g a stepped upper surface to conform to the under surfaces of the lining-bricks and hanger-brick projections next above, each of said filler-bricks being centrally recessed on its outer face to receive and to be in direct contact"with the corresponding pipe. A

"7..In' a furnace-wall, the combination of separated, metal bracket-bars,

the center, vertical verticallyeach having anA inwardly-extended lower ledge with a depending flange forming a hook and a higher, inwardly-projecting shelf, a plurality of spaced, upright, fluid-filled pipes inwardly of the furnace with respect to said bracket-bars, a row of separated hanger-bricks held on each of said shelves in register with the vspaces between said pipes by the hook-flange of the next bar above fitting in recees thereof, separator-bricks between said hanger-bricks supported in like manner and located in register with said pipes, each of said hangerbricks having-an inwardly-extended projection between the corresponding pair of pipes with a top, downwardly, outwardly, sloping surface, a row of lining-bricks supported on said hanger-bricks by :projections on the former resting on the projections of the latter and with under, downwardly, outwardly, sloping surfaces bearing on the specified top, inclined surfaces of said hanger-brick projections, said lining-bricks extending from plane of one pipe to that of the next pipe, each of said lining-bricks being recessed at the ends of its outer faces to receive one-half of the corresponding pipes and shaped to be in direct contact therewith, the under surfaces of saidlining-bricks being vertically out of register with the under surfaces of the projections of their hangerbricks, a row of ledge-bricks mounted on each of said bracket-bar ledges, a row of fillerbricks resting on each row of lining-bricks and having a stepped, upper surface to conform to the under surfaces of the liningbricks and hanger-brick projections next above, each of said filler-bricks being centrally recessed on its outer face to receive and shaped to be in direct contact with the corresponding pipe, and packing between said ledge-bricks and lhanger-bricks and between said filler-bricks and said lining and hanger bricks, the vertical crevices between said hanger and separatorv bricks, between said lining-bricks, between said ledge-bricks, and between said filler-bricks being all out of register.

8. In a furnace-wall, the combination of a.

`metal-frame, hanger-bricks carried by said 

